GSM Overview
R82.10 Carrier Security Administration Guide
GSM Overview
This section gives a quick overview of GPRS, UMTS, and LTE.
A Global System for Mobile Communications
The most widely deployed wireless networks worldwide are based on Global System for Mobile Communications, or GSM, a second generation time-division mobile network standard. The standard was originated by the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) and further developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
General Packet Radio Services
General Packet Radio Services, or GPRS, is a GSM extension which allows packet switched data transmission. GPRS upgrades GSM data services providing:
GPRS is basically an addition to GSM that enables packet based communications.
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, or UMTS, is one of the third generation (3G) mobile phone systems. UMTS networks provide an average bandwidth of up to 384Kbit/sec.
IP Multimedia Subsystem
The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a common architecture that allows cellular operators to provide multimedia services.
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
LTE, also known as 4G, is a cellular internet protocol designed to increase the speed and download capacity of mobile networks.
Basic Components of GPRS/UMTS Networks
On the Network
- PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network).
- PDN (Packet Data Network).
- GSN (GPRS Support Node).
- MS (Mobile Station).
Interfaces
Basic Components of LTE Networks
Signaling Protocols
GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) - used to transport user data between GSNs.
Comparing GTP Versions
Port Changes
- Control plane: UDP port 2123.
- User plane: UDP port 2152.
Multiple PDP Contexts for the Same PDP Address
In GTP versions 1 and 2, multiple PDP contexts/sessions are allowed per PDP address and APN.